问题描述

我有一个项目独立使用这两个依赖项:BoneCP 和 Hibernate.但是由于 SLF4J 及其版本冲突，它不起作用，因为 BoneCP 需要 SLF4J 1.5 而 Hibernate 需要 SLF4j 1.6.如您所知，不可能在 pom.xml 中对同一依赖项的两个不同版本进行重要处理.那么我能做些什么来解决这个惊人的 SLF4J 副作用???

I have a project that use both dependencies independently: BoneCP and Hibernate. But thanks to SLF4J and its version conflicts it does not work because BoneCP requires SLF4J 1.5 and Hibernate requires SLF4j 1.6. As you know it is not possible to important two different versions of the same dependency in your pom.xml. So what can I do to workaround this amazing SLF4J side-effect???

我得到的错误是臭名昭著的:

The error I get is the infamous:

SLF4J: The requested version 1.5.10 by your slf4j binding is not compatible with [1.6]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#version_mismatch for further details.

我需要添加这个，但是不允许有两个不同版本的相同依赖:

I would need to add this, but same dependency with two different versions is not allowed:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>   

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>   

Maven 依赖树:

[INFO] [dependency:tree {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] org.mentawai:menta:war:1.0.5-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- javax.servlet.jsp:jsp-api:jar:2.0:provided
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:servlet-api:jar:2.5:provided
[INFO] +- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- javax.mail:mail:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO] +- javax.persistence:persistence-api:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.5.10:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.5.10:compile
[INFO] |  - log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.14:compile
[INFO] +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:3.6.7.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:3.2.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.0-api:jar:1.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] |  - javax.transaction:jta:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- javassist:javassist:jar:3.12.1.GA:compile
[INFO] +- junit:junit:jar:4.8.1:test
[INFO] +- c3p0:c3p0:jar:0.9.1.2:compile
[INFO] +- com.h2database:h2:jar:1.2.138:compile
[INFO] +- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.13:compile
[INFO] +- me.soliveirajr:mentawai:jar:2.3.3-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] |  +- net.sf.json-lib:json-lib:jar:jdk15:2.3:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:jar:1.8.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  - net.sf.ezmorph:ezmorph:jar:1.0.6:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.jdom:jdom:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:jar:1.3.1:compile
[INFO] |  |  - xpp3:xpp3_min:jar:1.1.4c:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.ajaxtags:ajaxtags:jar:1.2-beta3:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.servlet:jstl:jar:1.0.6:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- taglibs:standard:jar:1.0.6:compile
[INFO] |  |  - net.htmlparser:jericho-html:jar:2.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- jgroups:jgroups-all:jar:2.2.9.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- me.soliveirajr:menta-container:jar:0.9.8:compile
[INFO] |  +- me.soliveirajr:menta-bean:jar:1.1.1:compile
[INFO] |  +- me.soliveirajr:menta-regex:jar:0.9.5:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.beanshell:bsh:jar:2.0b4:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.jolbox:bonecp:jar:0.7.1.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  - com.google.guava:guava:jar:r08:compile
[INFO] |  +- velocity:velocity-dep:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload:jar:1.2.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- commons-io:commons-io:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO] |  +- net.tanesha.recaptcha4j:recaptcha4j:jar:0.0.7:compile
[INFO] |  - commons-dbcp:commons-dbcp:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO] |     - commons-pool:commons-pool:jar:1.5.4:compile
[INFO] +- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO] - asm:asm:jar:3.2:compile

推荐答案

错误信息中提供的链接，http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#version_mismatch"，声明:

The link provided in the error message, "http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#version_mismatch", states:

SLF4J 绑定指定一个工件，例如 slf4j-jdk14.jar 或slf4j-log4j12.jar 用于将 slf4j 绑定到底层日志记录框架，例如 java.util.logging 或 log4j.混合混合不同slf4j-api.jar 版本和 SLF4J 绑定可能会导致问题.为了例如，如果您使用的是 slf4j-api-1.6.6.jar，那么您还应该使用 slf4j-simple-1.6.6.jar，使用 slf4j-simple-1.5.5.jar 不会工作.

An SLF4J binding designates an artifact such as slf4j-jdk14.jar or slf4j-log4j12.jar used to bind slf4j to an underlying logging framework, say, java.util.logging or log4j. Mixing mixing different versions of slf4j-api.jar and SLF4J binding can cause problems. For example, if you are using slf4j-api-1.6.6.jar, then you should also use slf4j-simple-1.6.6.jar, using slf4j-simple-1.5.5.jar will not work.

注意 从客户端的角度来看，所有版本的 slf4j-api 都是兼容.使用 slf4j-api-N.jar 编译的客户端代码将运行对于任何 N 和 M，slf4j-api-M.jar 都非常好.你只需要确保您的绑定版本与slf4j-api.jar.您不必担心版本项目中给定依赖项使用的 slf4j-api.jar.你可以始终使用任何版本的 slf4j-api.jar，只要slf4j-api.jar 和它的绑定匹配，应该没问题.

NOTE From the client's perspective all versions of slf4j-api are compatible. Client code compiled with slf4j-api-N.jar will run perfectly fine with slf4j-api-M.jar for any N and M. You only need to ensure that the version of your binding matches that of the slf4j-api.jar. You do not have to worry about the version of slf4j-api.jar used by a given dependendency in your project. You can always use ANY version of slf4j-api.jar, and as long as the version of slf4j-api.jar and its binding match, you should be fine.

鉴于 slf4j-api 的所有版本从客户端的角度来看都是可互换的，在不同版本的 slf4j-api 及其绑定的场景中，例如slf4j-log4j12 被拉入，在你的 POM 中显式声明它们为依赖项，如下所示:

Given that all versions of slf4j-api are interchangeable from the clients perspective, in the scenario where different versions of slf4j-api and its binding e.g. slf4j-log4j12 are pulled in, explicitly declare them as dependencies in your POM as follows:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>   

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
  <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>   

这里我假设您实际上不需要在提供的范围内声明 slf4j-api 和 slf4j-log4j12.

Here I am assuming that you do not actually need to declare slf4j-api and slf4j-log4j12 in the provided scope.

另见依赖机制简介状态:

依赖中介 - 这决定了依赖的版本当遇到工件的多个版本时将使用.目前，Maven 2.0 仅支持使用最近定义"这意味着它将使用最接近的依赖版本你的项目在依赖树中.您始终可以保证通过在项目的 POM 中明确声明版本.

Dependency mediation - this determines what version of a dependency will be used when multiple versions of an artifact are encountered. Currently, Maven 2.0 only supports using the "nearest definition" which means that it will use the version of the closest dependency to your project in the tree of dependencies. You can always guarantee a version by declaring it explicitly in your project's POM.

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