问题描述
我发现捕获异常有三种方式,有什么区别?
I found that there are three ways to catch an exception, what are the differences?
1) 按价值捕获;
2) 通过引用捕获;
3) 指针捕获;
我只知道按值捕获会调用对象的两个副本,按引用捕获会调用一个.那么如何通过指针捕获呢?何时使用指针捕获?除了抛出一个对象,我可以像这样抛出一个指向对象的指针吗?
I only know that catch by value will invoke two copies of the object, catch by reference will invoke one. So how about catch by pointer? When to use catch by pointer? In addition to throw an object, can I throw a pointer to an object like this?
class A {}
void f() {
A *p = new A();
throw p;
}
推荐答案
推荐的方式是按值抛出,按引用捕获.
您的示例代码抛出了一个指针,这是一个坏主意,因为您必须在 catch 站点管理内存.
Your example code throws a pointer, which is a bad idea since you would have to manage memory at the catch site.
如果您真的觉得应该抛出一个指针,请使用智能指针,例如 shared_ptr
.
If you really feel you should throw a pointer, use a smart pointer such as shared_ptr
.
无论如何,Herb Sutter 和 Alexei Alexandrescu 在他们的 C++ 编码标准一书中很好地解释了这一点,我对此进行了解释.
请参阅C++ 编码标准:按值抛出,按引用捕获.
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